Drag and Drop Datatable Rows for Sorting Re-Ordering in Laravel

By Ved Prakash N | Feb 21, 2023 | Laravel

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Laravel: Re-Ordering with Drag/Drop using DataTables and jQuery

In this tutorial, I will show how to use jQuery UI Sortable along with Datatables to add drag and drop functionality in laravel 6/7/8/9/10.

This is an example of drag and drop datatable rows for sorting posts data in laravel.

We will be using Bootstrap 5 for user interface and dataTable too.

Dynamic sorting or Re-ordering the positions or drag and drop list items or div or table rows.

All you need to know is basic of jQuery and Laravel to build this functionality.

Step 1: Install Laravel Project

composer create-project laravel/laravel projectname

Step 2: Setup Database

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=your database
DB_USERNAME=your username
DB_PASSWORD=your password

Step 3: Create Migration by following command:

php artisan make:migration create_posts_table

After successful of migration for the posts table go to database/migrations/2023_01_0645_create_posts_table.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

class CreatePostsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->bigIncrements('id');
            $table->string('title');
            $table->integer('order')->default(0);
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('posts');
    }
}

Once, you are done with above changes in your posts table. run the below command to migrate the tables into your database.

php artisan migrate

Step 4: Create Model by following command:

php artisan make:model Post

after successfully of above command. It will create a file in the following path app/Models/Post.php

add the following as shown below:

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Post extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $table = 'posts';

    protected $fillable = [
        'title',
        'order'
    ];
}

Step 5: Make Routes

let's go to web.php file to create routings as follows : routes/web.php

Route::get('post', [App\Http\Controllers\PostController::class, 'index']);
Route::post('post-reorder', [App\Http\Controllers\PostController::class, 'reorder']);

Step 6: Create Controller by the following command:

php artisan make:controller PostController

after successful of above command. It will create a file in following path : app/Http/Controllers/PostController.php

and update the changes

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\Post;

class PostController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $posts = Post::orderBy('order','ASC')->get();
        return view('posts.index', compact('posts'));
    }

    public function reorder(Request $request)
    {
        $posts = Post::all();

        foreach ($posts as $post) {

            foreach ($request->order as $order) {

                if ($order['id'] == $post->id) {

                    $post->update(['order' => $order['position']]);
                }
            }
        }

        return response(['message' => 'Update Successfully'], 200);
    }
}

Step 7: Create Blade File as follows

go to resources/views/ and then create a folder named posts and inside that posts folder create index.blade.php and paste as given below .

<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ str_replace('_', '-', app()->getLocale()) }}">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

    <!-- CSRF Token -->
    <meta name="csrf-token" content="{{ csrf_token() }}">

    <title>Create Drag and Droppable Datatables Using jQuery UI Sortable in Laravel</title>

    <!-- Bootstrap 5 CDN Link  -->
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- Database CSS link ( includes Bootstrap 5 )  -->
    <link href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.13.2/css/dataTables.bootstrap5.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />

    <!-- Font Awesome Icons -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"/>
    
</head>
<body>

    <div class="container mt-5">
        <div class="row justify-content-center">
            <div class="col-md-10">
                <h3 class="text-center mb-4">Drag and Drop Datatables ROWS Using jQuery UI Sortable in Laravel </h3>
                <table id="table" class="table table-bordered table-striped table-hover">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th width="30px">#</th>
                            <th>Title</th>
                            <th>Created At</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody id="tableBodyContents">
                        @foreach($posts as $post)
                            <tr class="tableRow" data-id="{{ $post->id }}">
                                <td class="pl-3">
                                    <i class="fa fa-bars"></i>
                                </td>
                                <td>{{ $post->title }}</td>
                                <td>{{ date('d-m-Y h:m:s',strtotime($post->created_at)) }}</td>
                            </tr>
                        @endforeach
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!-- jQuery CDN Link -->
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.3.min.js"></script>

    <!-- Bootstrap 5 Bundle CDN Link -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha1/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>

    <!-- jQuery UI CDN Link -->
    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.10.3/jquery-ui.min.js"></script>

    <!-- DataTables JS CDN Link -->
    <script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.13.2/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>

    <!-- DataTables JS ( includes Bootstrap 5 for design [UI] ) CDN Link -->
    <script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.13.2/js/dataTables.bootstrap5.min.js"></script>


    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {

            $("#table").DataTable();

            $("#tableBodyContents").sortable({
                items: "tr",
                cursor: 'move',
                opacity: 0.6,
                update: function() {
                    sendOrderToServer();
                }
            });

            function sendOrderToServer() {

                var order = [];
                var token = $('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content');

                $('tr.tableRow').each(function(index,element) {
                    order.push({
                        id: $(this).attr('data-id'),
                        position: index+1
                    });
                });

                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    dataType: "json",
                    url: "{{ url('post-reorder') }}",
                        data: {
                        order: order,
                        _token: token
                    },
                    success: function(response) {
                        if (response.status == "success") {
                            console.log(response);
                        } else {
                            console.log(response);
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    </script>

</body>
</html>